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基于单片机的建筑头盔智能防护系统设计
集成电路应用
刘立群,王沛淇,朱宏伟,陈镜霖,吕海燕,席云龙
临沂大学物理与电子工程学院
摘要: 建筑施工领域的安全帽只具备被动物理防护能力,难以及时发现并预警碰撞、撞击、跌落等危险情况。为了提升建筑工地的作业安全防护水平,该文设计了一套以单片机为核心的建筑工人安全帽智能防护系统。系统以STM32单片机作为主控单元,将ADXL345三轴加速度传感器、声光报警模块以及无线通信模块紧密集成在一起,能够实时监测工人姿态、发出声光报警并远程上传数据。该套系统在发生撞击事件时也能快速响应,同时将撞击信息等报警内容及时上传。系统具备体积小、功耗低、响应快、成本适中等优点,能够为施工现场的工人提供智能化和主动式的防护保障。
中图分类号:TN301文献标识码:ADOI:10.19339/j.issn.1674-2583.2026.06.003
中文引用格式:刘立群,王沛淇,朱宏伟,等. 基于单片机的建筑头盔智能防护系统设计[J].集成电路应用,2026,43(6):14-19.
英文引用格式:Liu Liqun, Wang Peiqi, Zhu Hongwei,et al. Design of construction helmet intelligent protection system based on single chip controller[J].Application of IC,2026,43(6):14-19.
Design of construction helmet intelligent protection system based on single chip controller
Liu Liqun, Wang Peiqi, Zhu Hongwei, Chen Jinglin, Lyu Haiyan, Xi Yunlong
School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Linyi University
Abstract: Conventional safety helmets merely deliver passive physical protection, failing to promptly detect and give early warnings against hazards including collisions, impacts and falls. To elevate the safety protection level of construction sites, this paper develops an intelligent protective helmet system centered on a single-chip microcontroller. Adopting STM32 microcontroller as the main control unit, the system integrates an ADXL345 three-axis accelerometer, an audible and visual alarm module, and a wireless communication module, which is capable of real-time monitoring of workers’ postures, triggering audible and visual alarms, and remotely uploading monitoring data. Comprehensive joint debugging and system testing demonstrate that the system can respond rapidly upon impact incidents and transmit alarm data including impact parameters to the remote terminal without delay. Featuring compact size, low power consumption, fast response and moderate cost, the system realizes intelligent and active safety protection for construction workers at building sites.
Key words : single chip microcontroller; intelligent protective helmet; construction; audible and visual alarm

引言

随着我国建筑业的日益发展,施工现场的安全问题也逐渐凸显,传统的安全帽只能提供被动防护,根本无法实现对危险的预警、对工人头部撞击的实时监测及远程报警等,难以满足现代智慧工地的安全防护需求[1]。当前的智能安全帽产品仍存在功能单一、功耗偏高、适配性不足等问题[2]。随着单片机、微传感器的不断成熟以及在无线通信的广泛应用,安全帽的智能化升级逐步可行[3]。考虑到建筑施工人员的安全防护措施和现有尚未完善的防护手段,本文针对建筑施工场所的特点,设计了一款基于单片机的建筑安全帽智能防护系统[4],其能够实现安全帽撞击状态的监测、声光报警以及各种状态的远程信息上传等,从而为全面提高工人安全防护提供新途径。


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作者信息:


刘立群,王沛淇,朱宏伟,陈镜霖,吕海燕,席云龙

(临沂大学物理与电子工程学院,山东临沂276000)

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